Mistakes of Generative AI, Hallucination
Even AIs like ChatGPT sometimes make mistakes. Typical errors include claiming non-existent events occurred or providing incorrect data.
When generative AI creates incorrect information that doesn't exist in reality, this is called
hallucination.
Examples of Hallucination
Hallucinations can typically occur in scenarios like the following:
1. Non-existent Facts
If you write a prompt like below, the AI might falsely generate content implying Benjamin Franklin invented a thermometer.
Tell me about the thermometer invented by Benjamin Franklin.
2. Incorrect Personal Information
There is no King named David in medieval England. However, AI might fabricate a fictional King David of medieval England and present it as if it's true.
Describe King David of medieval England.
3. Unverified Data
AI might provide unverified statistical information or explain correlations subjectively.
Give me statistics on the correlation between smartphone usage and IQ.
Why Does Hallucination Occur?
Hallucination can occur due to errors in the data learned, lack of data about specific situations during AI model training, or imbalanced training. Additionally, hallucination can occur if a user writes an ambiguous prompt.
Tell me about the largest city in the world.
# Without specifying the metric (population, area, influence), AI might provide incorrect information.
How to Minimize Hallucination?
To minimize hallucination, it's important to craft specific prompts using the most advanced models available.
1. Ask Specifically
When you specify your questions as exemplified below, AI can provide more accurate information.
Tell me about the movie 'Inception.'
Provide details on the director, main cast, and the plot of the movie 'Inception'.
2. Specify Information Sources
By specifying information sources, you can help AI provide more accurate information.
Tell me about the latest technology trends.
Summarize the main points of the technology trend report published by OOO in January 2025 to provide the latest technology trends.
3. Include Examples in Your Questions
Including answer examples or examples of content you wish to include can lead AI to provide more accurate information.
Teach me how to write a business plan.
Explain the key sections necessary for a business plan (e.g., summary, market analysis, marketing strategy, financial plan).
4. Provide Specific Dates or Time Frames
When requesting factual information, providing specific dates or time frames can lead AI to offer more accurate details.
Tell me about Chinese history.
Describe the key events in Chinese history from 1912 to 1949, focusing on the period of the Republic of China after the Xinhai Revolution.
In addition to these strategies, using the latest AI model available in the specific domain can help minimize hallucinations.